Lesson 1

Discrimination and the Civil Rights Movement

Strategies:

Vocabulary: groups/oral responses

Reading: graphic organizer

Writing: journal entries

Discussion: cooperative groups

Differentiation: Have reading on tape and/or vary the level of difficulty of the graphic organizers

Lesson Objectives: Students will:

1. relate to the African-American family in Roll of Thunder Hear My Cry.

2. define the terms discrimination, segregation, civil rights, and sit-in.

3. identify the significant events of the Civil Rights Movement.

4. analyze their own personal feelings of what it would be like to be African-American before the Civil Rights Movement.

Performance Assessment:

Objective -- Assessment

1. Journal responses

2. Vocabulary oral responses

3. Collect and review time line graphic organizer

4. Collect and review journals

Macrostructure Thinking Skills:

Extended definition and compare/contrast

Materials:

  • Packet containing readings from Taylor, M. (2001). Roll of thunder hear my cry. New York: Phyllis Forgelman Books. {pages 20-31; 37-45}
  • Individual copies of Haskins, J. (1993). The March on Washington. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
  • Graphic organizers (time line and comparison table)
  • Transparency of graphic organizers
  • Journals and pencils
  • Discussion role cards

Readability:

  • Roll of thunder hear my cry excerpt rates a 7.9 grade level on the Flesch-Kincaid readability scale. I believe this is very high for this book. This is a text that is used in many fifth and sixth grade classrooms. The material should not be overly difficult for fifth graders to read.
  • The March on Washington rates a 5.8 grade level on the Flesch-Kincaid readability scale. I believe this is accurate. The portion of this text the students are going to read includes photographs and is spread over five pages. This breaks the reading up for the students.

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PROCEDURE
I. Readiness


a. Motivation and Tapping Background of Experience:
“How many of you have ever felt like you were different from everyone else? [multiple hands raised] How did this make you feel?” Teacher calls on students raising their hands.

Expected student responses: sad, upset, angry, frustrated.

“Today we are going to talk about some people that were not accepted by others because they were different. These people are African Americans. I have given each reading group a packet of reading about a family in the south that was not accepted. We will read the whole book later, but just read the highlighted portions of the packet within your group right now. After you are done reading I would like you take out you journals and answer the questions attached to the packet.”

Questions:

1. What made this family different?
2. What kind of things this did this family have to do because they were different?
3. How would it make you feel if you were treated this way?

“In 1963, there was something called the Civil Rights Movement. This movement was designed to bring equal rights to African Americans. Will someone please tell me why African Americans were not treated like white?”


Expected student response: because they once were slaves and they look different from the white people.


Transition: “While this book was set in the 1930s, the same problems existed until the 1960s. It was not until the 1960s, during this Civil Rights Movement, that African Americans gained some of the same rights as whites. We will now go into the events of the Movement and the most influential person to the Movement.”

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b. Concept Development/Vocabulary: “Imagine what I am describing. I have blue eyes but you have brown. We both have the same job but I get paid a lot more than you. When I walk down the street, people wave to me and ask me how I am doing. When you walk down the street people look the other way or try to get as far away from you as possible. You are discriminated against. With your group, draft a definition for discrimination.”

Teacher calls on various groups to tell their draft definition, then writes the final definition on the board. Students copy the definition into the vocabulary section of their notebooks.


Expected definition: being treated differently because one is different


“One large part of discrimination was segregation. Segregation is what happens when you separate groups from one another. African Americans were not allowed to use the same water fountains, schools, bathrooms, and even bus seats as whites. We have learned previously what the term “civil” means. Now I would like you to write what you think the term civil rights (write on board) means. I would like you, with your group, to draft what you think this means. When doing this, think about each word individually before you put them together.”


Teacher calls on various groups to share their draft definition, then writes the final definition on the board. Students copy the definition into the vocabulary section of their notebooks.


Expected definition: true freedom, including job equality and the use of equal facilities


“I have one more word I would like to share with you before we read. I would like this group of students to come over to this corner and the rest of you to go over here (separate students). Group A wants to have the members of group B to do their homework for them. Group B, as you might guess refuses. Group A continues to request this. Since they do not get what they want, group A has a sit-in until group B does not give up. They will sit here until group B gives in. Go back to your seats, and with your group, draft a definition for sit-in.”


Teacher calls on various groups to share their draft definition, then writes the final definition on the board. Students copy the definition into the vocabulary section of their notebooks.


Expected definition: a peaceful revolt movement used in attempt to accomplish a goal


Transition: Now that we have an understanding for the vocabulary in our text, we are ready to begin reading.

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c. Purpose-for-Reading: “Today you will be reading to be informed. You will determine why the Civil Rights Movement was needed by using the extended definition thought pattern.”


II. Silent Reading:

The students will read silently and fill in their graphic organizer. There are two graphic organizers. The first is a vertical time line that lists days or years and students are to fill in the event of the Civil Rights Movement from that date. The second graphic organizer is a comparison table of what rights for African-Americans were before the movement of 1963 and what rights they had after the movement of 1963.


Transition: “Now that everyone has read chapter 1 and filled in their graphic organizers, we will have a small group discussion and then a whole class discussion.”

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III. Discussion:
1. Students will use cooperative learning in their quads to discuss their graphic organizers. The four students will each have an individual role (discussion leader, timer, recorder, reporter). Pass out Discussion Role Cards to student groups. This will be a time to correct misconceptions and gather information about what must be addressed to the entire class. (Have students begin discussing their timeline first and then move on to the comparison chart).


- What was so different about the North and the South? (think back to previous social studies units)
- How would you have felt if you were a white person living during segregation? How would you deal with making African-Americans use different utilities than yourself?
- Do you still see some problems of this time period today? How?


2. Bring groups together to debrief. Ask small groups to share their findings. Correct any major misconceptions that were found in a large number of class members. (Begin with the timeline and then move on to the comparison chart).


- What was so different about the North and the South? (think back to previous social studies units)
- How would you have felt if you were a white person living during segregation? How would you deal with making African-Americans use different utilities than yourself?
- Do you still see some problems of this time period today? How?


Transition: “Not that we’ve learned the overall concept of the Civil Rights Movement by reading chapter 1, I would like you to take a closer look at the life of African Americans during this era.”

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IV. Rereading: “I would like you to read page one and the first two paragraphs of page two again. First, imagine that you are an African-American living in the late 1800s-early 1900s. As you reread think of the following questions:


1. How would it feel to be though of as less of a person because of your skin color?
2. How might you act differently than you do today?
3. How would life be more difficult?”


Student respond in their journals.


Transition: “Now that we have the basic understanding of the Civil Rights Movement, we are going to study a very influential person to this movement -- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.”

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V. Follow-up:
Tomorrow students will review what they had learned today as an introduction to the topic of prejudice and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. In the days to come, students will learn about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and read/discuss the “I Have a Dream” speech. They will also write an expository essay in Language Arts about prejudice.

VI. Differentiation:
- Have readings on tape for lower readers.
- Provide a variety of graphic organizers for different levels of learners (have some filled out, provide a key, or leave completely blank)

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Discussion Role Cards
Graphic Organizers
Homepage
Lesson 2