Lesson 2
Title: Science- Ocean Animals
Topic: Manatees

Strategies:
Reading- GIST
Writing- Write a manatee adventure story and go through the writing process
Discussion- QAR
Differentiation1- Rereading
Differentiation2- Follow-up
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Class Description: Life Science, 4th grade class. This lesson would fit into a unit on ocean animals.
Lesson Objectives:

1. After reading Manatee Winter, SWBAT write their own adventure story about a manatee.
2. In the following days SWBAT workshop their story using the writing process.
3. After today's class SWBAT include accurate description in the manatee adventure story they write.
Performance Assessment
1. Manatee adventure story
2. GIST strategy summaries
Macrostructure Thinking Skills
Description
Materials
Zoehfeld, K.W. (1994). Manatee Winter. Norwalk, CT: Soundprints. (Expository/Narrative)
Flesh-Kincaid Grade Level 4.6
This book would be appropriate for 4th graders. It is a higher-level 4th grade book but with vocabulary development, partner reading, and discussion it would be quite manageable.

 

I. Readiness
a. Motivation and Tapping Background of Experience:
Hold up a stuffed toy manatee. Does anyone know what this animal is called? A manatee. Can you tell me anything else about manatees using your own experiences or what you can see by looking at the stuffed animal? Answers will vary: they live in the water, I saw one at Sea World in Florida, they’re gray, etc.

Transition: Today we are going to learn about a specific ocean animal called a manatee. I’m going to read a short part from the book Manatee Winter. The part I am going to read is called the prologue. A prologue is like an introduction. This prologue will introduce you to manatees.

Read Manatee Winter- prologue.

Did you hear anything about manatees you already knew? Answers will vary: Yes, I knew manatees lived in Florida. What did you learn about manatees that you did not know before I read the prologue? Answers will vary: I didn’t know manatees used to be hunted for their meat and hides.

Transition: Now we are going to look at some vocabulary words you will need to know to understand the story.

b. Concept Development/Vocabulary:
The following are words the students may have trouble with. I would write the words in one column on the board and the definitions in another column. Then I would have the students match the word with the definition they thought fit that word. Once everyone was done I would ask for volunteers to choose a word and read the definition they think matches the word.
The definitions are found at the end of the book. The vocabulary word is in bold print.

Bull:
An adult male manatee.
Coastline: The boundary line that is formed where the land meets the sea.
Gulf: A large area of ocean surrounded on three sides by land.
Seagrass: Any variety of grasses that grow underwater.
Spring: A source of water coming from underground. This water can be warmed by the natural heat deep within the earth’s crust.

Once students had their definitions of the words I would guide them through visualization and imagery strategies. I would ask the students if any of these words made them see a picture in their mind. Then I would provide an example, such as seagrass makes me think of a prairie full of tall grasses only underwater. Next, I would invite students to share their mental images with the rest of the class.

c. Purpose for Reading:
Today you will be reading Manatee Winter, which is a narrative text. You will be reading to be informed about manatees as well as for enjoyment. You will use the thinking skill of description to learn about manatees.

II. Silent Reading: The students will read the text with a partner.
Discussion:
Reading Strategy
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The students would read the story in pairs that I previously selected. I would choose the pairs because this book is a little difficult; I would make sure lower readers were paired with a student who could help him or her understand the story. During reading each partner would read a page and then the other person would tell what he or she pictured in their mind as their partner was reading. Then the roles would switch for each page read. Each pair would then use the GIST strategy they learned in a prior mini lesson to write a summary of the story. After reading and completion of their summary I would have the students discuss, as a class, the description used in the story and how that helped them picture what was happening in their mind. Then I would bring the class together and ask the following questions.

QAR Questioning:
Discussion Strategy
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(Text Implicit & Script Implicit) Do you think manatees can breathe underwater? (No. The answer is Author and Me because the text says, “They reach their noses up above the choppy waves to take a breath...” and I know if manatees need to lift their noses out of the water to breathe that they can’t breathe underwater.)

(Text Explicit) Where do manatees live? (In the ocean by Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. The answer is Right There because the answer is found in the text.)

(Text Implicit & Script Implicit) Are manatees curious animals? (Yes, they investigate by nuzzling and rubbing the boat. The answer is Author and Me because the text says; “they investigate by nuzzling and rubbing the boat.” and I know that investigating is being curious.)

(Text Implicit) What is a baby manatee called? (A calf. The answer is Think & Search because the answer is found in different sentences on different pages.)

(Text Explicit) What do manatees do with their friends? (They tumble and play. The answer is Right There because the story says, “they nibble each others’ backs in a friendly way, then they tumble and play.”)

(Script Implicit) Do you think you would like to see a manatee? (Yes, or no. This answer is On My Own because I don’t have to read the story to know the answer to this question.)

IV. Rereading:
Now you will be rereading the story by yourself. Make sure you are paying close attention to the detail used because you will need to include detail in a story you will be writing later.

Differentiation: Return to Top
Students who struggle with reading may listen to the story on tape and follow along in their book instead of reading the story by themselves.

V. Follow-up:
Writing Strategy
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Once you are done reading, you need to start brainstorming a list of ideas about an adventure a manatee could have. Tomorrow you will write your Manatee Adventure rough draft. Over the next few days you will be going through the writing process and finally publishing your story into a book shaped like a manatee.

The story structure link would be used here. Students could look at the story structure while writing their rough drafts and throughout the editing process to help them with the flow of their stories. The story structure would also help students see if they included the important elements of a story.

Differentiation: Return to Top
Students may use the computer to type and revise their story instead of writing it.


Story Structure GIST
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